CGI Particle Type Categories

language: en
title: CGI Particle Type Categories
creator: Concept Definition Task Group of IUGS CGI Interoperability Working Group (http://www.cgi-iugs.org/tech_collaboration/interoperability_working_group.html)
format: application/rdf-xml
identifier: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifierscheme/cgi/201202/particletype
publisher: Concept Definition Task Group of IUGS CGI Interoperability Working Group (http://www.cgi-iugs.org/tech_collaboration/interoperability_working_group.html)
historyNote: 2009-07-14. Generate SKOS encoding of vocabulary from Excel spreadsheet.
changeNote: 2009-12-07 SMR Update metadata properties for version, creator, title, and format. Change skos:HistoryNote to dc:source for information on origin of terms and definitions.
historyNote: 2010-02-08. SMR Clean up namespace declarations so concept URI's follow CGI URN scheme; concepts have URN, are not document fragments.
historyNote: 2010-02-13 Add narrower relationship links by adding skos:narrower link in Protege, defining skos:narrower as inverse of skos:broader, calculating with Pellet reasoner to add inferred axioms, and using 'file/Export inferred axioms as ontology' in Protege.
historyNote: 2010-11-28 SMR Replace URN identifiers with http URI identifiers according to CGI URI scheme (see https://www.seegrid.csiro.au/wiki/bin/view/CGIModel/PersistentIdentifiersInGeoSciMLServices)
historyNote: 2012-02-07 SMR update URI to replace numeric final token with English-language string as in original URN scheme.
historyNote: 2012-02-27 SMR add skos:exactMatch triples relating URI in this vocabulary with URI for equivalent concepts in 201012 version that use numeric tokens.
prefLabel: CGI Particle Type Categories
definition: This file contains the CGI Particle type vocabulary. Used to specify particleType in particleTypeDescription associated with a CompoundMaterial. Terms to specify the nature of individual particles of each constituent in an aggregation, based mostly on their genesis. Because the constituents are identifiable parts, the part units must have some definition. Examples include clasts, crystals, pore space, material fossil. Constituent type is determined based on the nature of the particles, and ideally is independent of the relationship between particles in a compound material aggregation.

-- Accidental pyroclastic fragment --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/accidental_pyroclastic_fragment
Preferred label (en) Accidental pyroclastic fragment
Definition () Fragment of rock generated by disruption as a direct result of volcanic action but not formed by previous activity of the magmatic system; generally derived from subvolcanic basement.
Source () Gillespie and Styles 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0001
Broader Pyroclast

-- Aggregate non-clastic particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/aggregate_non-clastic_particle
Preferred label (en) Aggregate non-clastic particle
Definition () Generic term for a non-clastic particle that is itself composed of an aggregation of particles;
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0002
Broader Solid constituent particle
Narrower Axiolite
Narrower Concretionary particle
Narrower Igneous inclusion
Narrower Intrusive sheet
Narrower Nodule
Narrower Schlieren
Narrower Spherule

-- Amygdule --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/amygdule
Preferred label (en) Amygdule
Definition () Cavity filled with secondary minerals; denotes that cavities are filled vesicles, thus restricted to volcanic rock.
Source () based on Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0003
Broader Cavity

-- Autoclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/autoclast
Preferred label (en) Autoclast
Definition () Fragments of extrusive igneous rock formed by mechanical friction of moving lava flow, breakage of chilled lava flow rinds, or gravity crumbling of active spines and domes. Gillespie and Styles (1999) include as type of juvenile pyroclastic fragment, inconsistent with definition of pyroclastic by IUGS and BGS.
Source () Gillespie and Styles,1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0004
Broader Granular particle

-- Axiolite --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/axiolite
Preferred label (en) Axiolite
Definition () Elongate to irregular lense with radial aggregates of acicular and fibrous mineral coalescing along a central axis.
Source () Williams,Turner,Gilbert 1954
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0005
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle

-- Bioclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/bioclast
Preferred label (en) Bioclast
Definition () Granular sedimentary particle that is a "fragmentary piece of a shell, bone, or other hard skeletal structure of an animal, plant, or protozoan. May be fossilized or non-fossilized". Use in situations where fossil organism can not be identified, thus 'material fossil' is inappropriate.
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0006
Broader Biogenic particle

-- Biogenic particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/biogenic_particle
Preferred label (en) Biogenic particle
Definition () "A type of granular particle formed by the physiological activities of organisms (plants, animals, protozoa) that produce body parts which subsequently are incorporated into a sediment aggregate. Contrast with nonbiogenic particle. Includes biogenic objects that are whole or fragmentary (bioclasts); can be fossilized or non-fossilized"
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0007
Broader Granular particle
Narrower Bioclast
Narrower Coprolite
Narrower Fecal pellet
Narrower Material fossil

-- Bleb --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/bleb
Preferred label (en) Bleb
Definition () Generic term for a small rounded particle of uncertain origin
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0008
Broader Solid constituent particle

-- Cavity --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/cavity
Preferred label (en) Cavity
Definition () Constituent is empty space between particles in a compound material; generally filled with some sort of fluid. Cavity particle types can be used to describe porosity in a granular material.
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0009
Narrower Amygdule
Narrower Fenestra
Narrower Fluid inclusion
Narrower Lithophysae
Narrower Pore space
Narrower Vesicle
Narrower Vug

-- Coated particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/coated_particle
Preferred label (en) Coated particle
Definition () "A general term for a grain that has coats or layers of foreign material, usually fine mud-sized and occasionally recrystallized, that form concentric or overlapping shells around a core of rock, shell, peloidal, or intraclastic material." (eg: oolith, pisolith)
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0010
Broader Granular particle
Narrower Oncoid
Narrower Ooid
Narrower Pisoid

-- Cognate fragments --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/cognate_fragments
Preferred label (en) Cognate fragments
Definition () Pyroclast consisting of rock which formed during earlier (related) volcanic activity that have been ejected with other pyroclastic debris during a later eruption.
Source () Base on Gillespie and Styles, 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0011
Broader Pyroclast

-- Concretionary particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/concretionary_particle
Preferred label (en) Concretionary particle
Definition () A hard, compact mass or aggregate of mineral matter, normally subsperical but commonly oblate, disc-shaped or irregular. Formed by precipitation of mineral from solution in the pores of a granular rock, localized around a nucleus or center, to define a discrete, sharply separated object. Size ranges from cm to meters. Particle geometry description for concretion describes the concretion size and shape, not the size and shape of particles forming the concretion.
Source () Neuendorf et al, 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0012
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle

-- Coprolite --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/coprolite
Preferred label (en) Coprolite
Definition () The fossilised excrement of vertebrate animals
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0013
Broader Biogenic particle

-- Crystal fragment --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/crystal_fragment
Preferred label (en) Crystal fragment
Definition () A fragment of a crystal interpreted to have been broken by pyroclastic processes.
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0014
Broader Pyroclast

-- Crystalline grain --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/crystalline_grain
Preferred label (en) Crystalline grain
Definition () Constituent that is the product of crystallization during formation of a compound Earth material (see NADMC1 2004). Serves to distinguish crystalline from granular rocks (Struik, 2002). Includes constituents crystallized in evaporite environments, during diagenesis or hydrothermal alteration, or in other low-temperature environments.
Source () Struik, 2002; NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0015
Broader Solid constituent particle
Narrower Crystallite
Narrower Holoblast
Narrower Microlite
Narrower Paleoblast
Narrower Pseudomorph
Narrower Xenocryst

-- Crystallite --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/crystallite
Preferred label (en) Crystallite
Definition () Constitutent occurs as minute, spherical, rod, or hair-like forms. Typically appear isotropic in thin section.
Source () Williams,Turner,Gilbert, 1954
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0016
Broader Crystalline grain

-- Epiclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/epiclast
Preferred label (en) Epiclast
Definition () An individual constituent, grain or fragment of a sediment or rock, produced by erosion of a larger rock mass. Particle whose origin as a fragment is a result of surface (sedimentary, weathering...) processes. 'Crystals, crystal fragments, glass and rock fragments that have been liberated from any type of pre-existing consolidated rock (volcanic or non-volcanic) by weathering or erosion and transported from the site of origin by gravity, air, water, or ice' [Schmid, 1981]. Distinguished from intraclast in that epiclast is derived from a pre-existing rock from outside the basin of deposition (NADM SLTTs 2004) before introduction into a CompoundMaterial (sense of NADMC1, 2004).
Source (en) Schmid 1981
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0017
Broader Granular particle
Narrower Lithic clast
Narrower Mineral clast

-- Fecal pellet --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/fecal_pellet
Preferred label (en) Fecal pellet
Definition () an organic excrement, mainly of invertebrates, occuring especially in modern marine sediments but also fossilised in some sedimentary rocks, usually with simple ovoid form, less commonly rod-shaped.
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0018
Broader Biogenic particle
Broader Peloid

-- Fenestra --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/fenestra
Preferred label (en) Fenestra
Definition () Primary or penecontemporaneous gap or cavity in the framework of a sedimentary rock, larger than grain-supported intersticies. May be open space or have partial to complete fill with secondary cement or introduced sediment.
Source () based on Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0019
Broader Cavity

-- Fiamme --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/fiamme
Preferred label (en) Fiamme
Definition () Lens-shaped bodies, usually mm to cm thick, and centimeters to 1-2 decimeters long, typically seen on surfaces of some pyroclastic rocks. The name fiamme comes from the Italian word for flames, describing their shape. The term is descriptive and non-genetic.Generally interpreted to form by the collapse of pumice fragments during welding in a hot pyroclastic deposit.
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiamme
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0020
Broader Igneous inclusion

-- Fluid inclusion --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/fluid_inclusion
Preferred label (en) Fluid inclusion
Definition () A cavity within a crystal containing liquid and/or gas, formed by the entrapment in crystal irregularities of fluid, commonly that from which the mineral crystallised.
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0021
Broader Cavity

-- Fluidal pyroclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/fluidal_pyroclast
Preferred label (en) Fluidal pyroclast
Definition () Pyroclast that has a a rounded, fluidal shape indicating that it was in a wholly or partly molten state during formation and subsequent transport. Concept corresponds to bomb, but with no size denotation.
Source () Base on Gillespie and Styles, 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0022
Broader Juvenile pyroclastic fragment

-- Glomerocryst --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/glomerocryst
Preferred label (en) Glomerocryst
Definition () An aggregate of crystals of the same mineral
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0023
Broader Igneous inclusion

-- Granular particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/granular_particle
Preferred label (en) Granular particle
Definition () Solid constituent in a compound earth material (sense of NADMC1) that is a pre-existing object before incorporation into a particulate aggregate. "...a component of solid material that has the form of grains, clasts, fragments, or whole objects of any size, shape, composition, texture, and structure." (NADMSC SLTTs, 2004)
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0024
Broader Solid constituent particle
Narrower Autoclast
Narrower Biogenic particle
Narrower Coated particle
Narrower Epiclast
Narrower Intraclast
Narrower Peloid
Narrower Pyroclast
Narrower Reworked pyroclastic fragment
Narrower Syngenetic particle
Narrower Ventrifact

-- Holoblast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/holoblast
Preferred label (en) Holoblast
Definition () A crystalline grain in a metamorphic rock that is newly and completely formed during metamorphism
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0025
Broader Crystalline grain

-- Hydroclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/hydroclast
Preferred label (en) Hydroclast
Definition () Juvenile pyroclastic fragment formed by magma-water interaction during subaqueous or subglacial extrusion; typically consist of chilled glass.
Source () Gillespie and Styles 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0026
Broader Juvenile pyroclastic fragment

-- Hydrothermal vein --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/hydrothermal_vein
Preferred label (en) Hydrothermal vein
Definition () a tabular or sheet-like part of a compound material formed by hydrothermal (or other metasomatic) mineral filling a fracture; may be associated with replacement of the host rock adjacent to the body
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005; this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0027
Broader Intrusive sheet

-- Igneous inclusion --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/igneous_inclusion
Preferred label (en) Igneous inclusion
Definition () Aggregate non-clastic particle that are of igneous origin. Particle types for compound material are restricted to inclusions that are typically of a size consistent with hand-sample description to characterize a kind of rock or a rock sample; larger inclusion types are included in the GeologicUnitPart role vocabulary.
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0028
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle
Narrower Fiamme
Narrower Glomerocryst
Narrower Orb

-- Igneous vein --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/igneous_vein
Preferred label (en) Igneous vein
Definition () a tabular or sheet like part of a compound material formed by the intrusion of magma
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0029
Broader Intrusive sheet

-- Intraclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/intraclast
Preferred label (en) Intraclast
Definition () A broad, general term introduced by Folk (1959, p. 4) for a component of limestone, representing a torn-up and re-worked fragment of a penecontemporaneous sediment (usually weakly consolidated) that has been eroded within the basin of deposition...and re-deposited there...The fragment may range in size from fine sand to gravel...
Source () NADM SLTTs 2004; Neuendorf et al., 2005; Folk, 1959
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0030
Broader Granular particle

-- Intrusive sheet --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/intrusive_sheet
Preferred label (en) Intrusive sheet
Definition () a tabular or sheet-like part of a compound material, genetic origin not specified
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0031
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle
Narrower Hydrothermal vein
Narrower Igneous vein

-- Juvenile pyroclastic fragment --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/juvenile_pyroclastic_fragment
Preferred label (en) Juvenile pyroclastic fragment
Definition () Fragment formed directly from cooling magma during transport prior to primary deposition.
Source () Gillespie and Styles 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0032
Broader Pyroclast
Narrower Fluidal pyroclast
Narrower Hydroclast
Narrower Shard

-- Lithic clast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/lithic_clast
Preferred label (en) Lithic clast
Definition () A clast derived by erosion from older, pre-existing rock materials of any kind, usually beyond the basin of accumulation but occasionally from within the basin of deposition (as from a submarine or subaqueous exposure adjacent to a depositional site). A clast that is identified as a piece of rock.
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0033
Broader Epiclast
Narrower Lithoclast

-- Lithoclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/lithoclast
Preferred label (en) Lithoclast
Definition () "A mechanically formed and deposited fragment of a carbonate rock...derived from an older, lithified limestone or dolomite within, adjacent to, or outside the depositional site"
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005, p. 375
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0034
Broader Lithic clast

-- Lithophysae --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/lithophysae
Preferred label (en) Lithophysae
Definition () Bubble-like cavity with concentric shells of finely crystalline minerals; open space remains in core of structure. Radiating fibrous structure may be present in secondary mineral fill. Typically in silicic volcanic rock.
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0035
Broader Cavity

-- Material fossil --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/material_fossil
Preferred label (en) Material fossil
Definition () The preserved remains or replaced remains (casts) of plants and animals. A fossil type may have one or more described associated organisms. If particle type is materialFossil, an additional type property element may provide a reference to a Paleontologic description of the fossil.
Source () GeoSciML v2 RC1 model element scope note
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0036
Broader Biogenic particle

-- Miarolitic cavity --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/miarolitic_cavity
Preferred label (en) Miarolitic cavity
Definition () An irregular cavity in a phaneritic igneous rock into which small crystals of the rock-forming minerals protrude.
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0037
Broader Vug

-- Microlite --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/microlite
Preferred label (en) Microlite
Definition () Constituent occurs as minute incipient crystals that display some birefringence in thin section.
Source () Williams,Turner,Gilbert, 1954
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0038
Broader Crystalline grain

-- Mineral clast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/mineral_clast
Preferred label (en) Mineral clast
Definition () An epiclast that is composed of a single mineral.
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0039
Broader Epiclast

-- Nodule --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/nodule
Preferred label (en) Nodule
Definition () An irregularly rounded mass of a mineral or mineral aggregate normally having a warty or knobby surface and no internal sructure, usually with a contrasting composition from the enclosing sediment or rock matrix in which it is embedded, and that can be separated as a discrete mass from the host material. Igneous nodules should be classified as 'Igneous inclusions'.
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0040
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle
Narrower Syngenetic nodule

-- Oncoid --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/oncoid
Preferred label (en) Oncoid
Definition () A '...coated grain with a cortex of irregular, partially overlapping laminae. They are typically irregular in shape and may exhibit biogenic structures. Some forms lack a distinct nucleus. Oncoids are generally larger than 2 mm.' (Hallsworth and Knox, 1999, p. 27). Synonymous with oncolite: A small, variously shaped, concentrically laminated, calcareous sedimentary structure, resembling an oolith, and formed by the accretion of successive layer[s]... It...generally does not exceed 10 cm in dimension. (Jackson, 1997, p. 446).
Source () Jackson 1997; Hallsworth and Knox 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0041
Broader Coated particle

-- Ooid --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/ooid
Preferred label (en) Ooid
Definition () A general, nongenetic term for a particle that resembles an oolith in outer appearance and size- (Jackson, 1997, p. 447). Hallsworth and Knox (1999, p. 27) describe ooids as coated grains that typically are spherical or ellipsoidal in shape, with the degree of roundness increasing outward. Concentric to semi-concentric coats are smoothly and evenly laminated. A nucleus usually is present, and may have a composition different from the coatings. Biogenic structures are not obvious. NADMSC SLTTs (2004) considers synomous with oolith.
Source () Jackson1997; Hallsworth and Knox 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0042
Broader Coated particle

-- Orb --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/orb
Preferred label (en) Orb
Definition () igneous constituent typically mafic, equant rounded spheroid with concentric mineralogic banding
Source (en) this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0043
Broader Igneous inclusion

-- Paleoblast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/paleoblast
Preferred label (en) Paleoblast
Definition () A crystal or remnant of a crystal that is older than other mineral grains in the rock, especially in metamorphic rocks
Source () Neuendorf et al. 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0044
Broader Crystalline grain

-- Paramorph --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/paramorph
Preferred label (en) Paramorph
Definition () a pseudomorph with the same composition as the original crystal (eg: calcite after aragonite)
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0045
Broader Pseudomorph

-- Peloid --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/peloid
Preferred label (en) Peloid
Definition () a usually rounded aggregate of clay-sized calcareous (micritic) material; origin and size is not specified
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0046
Broader Granular particle
Narrower Fecal pellet

-- Pisoid --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/pisoid
Preferred label (en) Pisoid
Definition () "A round or ellipsoidal accretionary body resembling a pea in size and shape.... A pisoid...is larger and less regular in form than an ooid, although it may have the same concentric and/or radial internal structure" (Jackson, 1997, p. 489).
Source () NADM SLTTs 2004; Jackson 1997
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0047
Broader Coated particle

-- Pore space --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/pore_space
Preferred label (en) Pore space
Definition () Open space between particles in a granular aggregate
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005, this vocabulary
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0048
Broader Cavity

-- Pseudomorph --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/pseudomorph
Preferred label (en) Pseudomorph
Definition () Constituent particle that has the outward form of a mineral species or particle type, but the original minerals composing the particle have been altered or replaced by different minerals; a secondary mineral whose outward crystal form has been inherited from the orignal mineral it has replaced
Source () Neuendorf et al. 2005; Spry 1969; Fettes and Desmons, 2007
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0049
Broader Crystalline grain
Narrower Paramorph

-- Pyroclast --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/pyroclast
Preferred label (en) Pyroclast
Definition () "An individual particle ejected during a volcanic eruption." (Jackson, 1997, p. 521). Clast whose origin is a direct result of volcanic process (excludes fragments in lava autobreccia) and has not been reworked by sedimentary processes (Gillespie and Styles 1999).
Source () NADM SLTTs 2004; Jackson, 1997; Gillespie and Styles 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0050
Broader Granular particle
Narrower Accidental pyroclastic fragment
Narrower Cognate fragments
Narrower Crystal fragment
Narrower Juvenile pyroclastic fragment

-- Reworked pyroclastic fragment --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/reworked_pyroclastic_fragment
Preferred label (en) Reworked pyroclastic fragment
Definition () Fragment formed as a direct result of volcanic activity and reworked by sedimentary processes.
Source () Gillespie and Styles 1999
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0051
Broader Granular particle
Related Pyroclast

-- Schlieren --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/schlieren
Preferred label (en) Schlieren
Definition () a tabular body, generally a few cm to a few metres long, within a plutonic rock, having different mineral proportions and colour to the surrounding rock
Source (en) GGIPAC
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0052
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle

-- Shard --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/shard
Preferred label (en) Shard
Definition () a vitric fragment in pyroclastic rocks, often with a characteristically curved surface of fracture. Shards generally consist of bubble-wall fragments produced by disintegration of pumice during or after an eruption
Source (en) GGIPAC
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0053
Broader Juvenile pyroclastic fragment

-- Solid constituent particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/solid_constituent_particle
Preferred label (en) Solid constituent particle
Definition () Particle is defined as a "General term, used without restriction as to shape composition or internal structure, for a separable or distinct unit in a [compound material]." (Neuendorf et al, 2005). Unclassified solid constituent in a compound material. Note that the term particle has no size denotation as used here.
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0054
Narrower Aggregate non-clastic particle
Narrower Bleb
Narrower Crystalline grain
Narrower Granular particle

-- Spherule --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/spherule
Preferred label (en) Spherule
Definition () a rounded or spherical mass of acicular or fibrous mineral, generally in glassy siliceous lava.
Source () Williams,Turner,Gilbert 1954
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0055
Broader Aggregate non-clastic particle
Narrower Variole

-- Syngenetic nodule --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/syngenetic_nodule
Preferred label (en) Syngenetic nodule
Definition () Particle formed by chemical precipitation at sediment-water interface, lacking layered structure that characterizes coated grains. Includes glauconite grains, manganese nodules, phosphate grains. Manganese nodule--"An irregular, black to brown, friable,
Source () NADM SLTTs 2004; Jackson 1997
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0056
Broader Nodule

-- Syngenetic particle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/syngenetic_particle
Preferred label (en) Syngenetic particle
Definition () A type of nonbiogenic particle formed by in situ or intrabasinal physical-chemical-mechanical processes without the direct biochemical activity of organisms, penecontemporaneously with sediment accumulation or during diagenetic modification.
Source (en) NADM SLTTs 2004
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0057
Broader Granular particle

-- Variole --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/variole
Preferred label (en) Variole
Definition () Spherulitic cluster of crystals in mafic rock, usually consists of divergent plagioclase fibers, with or without interstitial glass, or intergrown with granules of pyroxene, olivine or iron ore. (equivalent to Spherule, but in mafic rock)
Source () Williams,Turner,Gilbert 1954
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0058
Broader Spherule

-- Ventrifact --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/ventrifact
Preferred label (en) Ventrifact
Definition () A granular particle that has been shaped, worn, faceted, cut or polished by the action of windblown sand.
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0059
Broader Granular particle

-- Vesicle --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/vesicle
Preferred label (en) Vesicle
Definition () Cavity in volcanic rock formed by trapped gas. Use amygdule if filled with secondary mineral.
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0060
Broader Cavity

-- Vug --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/vug
Preferred label (en) Vug
Definition () Irregular cavity in rock; generic term with no connotation of origin of cavity. May be lined with crystals of different mineral compostion to the host rock
Source () Neuendorf et al 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0061
Broader Cavity
Narrower Miarolitic cavity

-- Xenocryst --

URI http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/xenocryst
Preferred label (en) Xenocryst
Definition () A crystal that resembles a phenocryst in an igneous rock, but that is foreign to the rock in which it occurs
Source () Neuendorf et al., 2005
Relationships:
Exact match http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/cgi/particletype/0062
Broader Crystalline grain